MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGICAL TECHNIQUES IN GYNECOLOGY: LAPAROSCOPY AND HYSTEROSCOPY

Laparoscopy and hysteroscopy represent the cutting edge of minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. These techniques allow for precise diagnosis and treatment through small incisions, minimizing patient discomfort, scarring, and recovery time. During laparoscopy, a thin telescope-like instrument is inserted into the abdomen, providing real-time visu

Infertility affects both men and women, with male infertility causing approximately half of all cases. While it can be a sensitive topic, understanding the causes and potential options is crucial for couples hoping to conceive. Male infertility arises from various factors, ranging from low sperm count, poor sperm mobility, abnormal sperm form, and